What Controls The Low Tire Pressure System? A Complete Guide To TPMS Functionality [Update On 2026]

The low tire pressure system is managed by tire pressure sensors on each wheel assembly. These sensors measure the tire air pressure and send the information to the vehicle computer. If the pressure drops too low, the system activates the warning light on the dashboard, ensuring driver awareness and safety.

There are two main types of TPMS: direct and indirect. Direct TPMS uses pressure sensors, while indirect TPMS estimates tire pressure through wheel speed sensors. Both systems aim to enhance safety by providing real-time tire information. Low tire pressure can compromise vehicle handling and increase the risk of blowouts.

Understanding TPMS functionality is vital for drivers. Regularly checking tire pressure and being aware of how TPMS operates can prevent potential issues. The next section will delve deeper into the benefits of maintaining proper tire pressure and how to interpret TPMS alerts effectively. This knowledge equips drivers to address tire-related concerns promptly and maintain vehicle performance.

Table of Contents

What is a Low Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS)?

A Low Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) is a safety feature in vehicles designed to monitor tire pressure. It alerts drivers when tire pressure drops below recommended levels, promoting safer driving conditions and improving fuel efficiency.

The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) defines TPMS as a system that “warns the driver when a tire is significantly under-inflated.” This definition emphasizes the monitoring aspect, which is crucial for road safety.

The TPMS consists of sensors that measure tire air pressure in real-time. When the pressure falls below a designated threshold, the system triggers a warning light on the dashboard. Two types of TPMS exist: direct TPMS, which uses sensors inside the tires, and indirect TPMS, which calculates pressure based on wheel speed data.

According to the Tire Industry Association, under-inflation can lead to tire blowouts, increased wear, and reduced fuel efficiency. Factors contributing to low tire pressure include temperature changes, aging tires, and neglecting regular maintenance.

The U.S. Department of Transportation reported that under-inflated tires are a factor in approximately 3% of all vehicle crashes. Proper tire maintenance could prevent 70% of these incidents and reduce fuel consumption significantly, as noted by the EPA.

Low tire pressure impacts vehicle safety, fuel consumption, and environmental health. Inadequate tire maintenance may lead to accidents, increased emissions, and heightened fuel costs.

For example, a government campaign showed that properly inflated tires could save an average of $0.11 per gallon of gas.

To address low tire pressure, experts recommend regular tire checks, maintaining proper inflation levels, and using TPMS technology effectively. The NHTSA encourages vehicle owners to familiarize themselves with their TPMS warnings.

Strategies include adhering to scheduled maintenance, using tire pressure gauges, and investing in reliable TPMS sensors that provide accurate readings, ensuring enhanced safety and improved vehicle performance.

How Does the Low Tire Pressure Monitoring System Work?

The low tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) works by using sensors to detect the air pressure in each tire. These sensors continuously monitor tire pressure while driving. If the pressure drops below a certain threshold, the system sends a warning signal to the driver.

The main components include pressure sensors, a control unit, and warning lights on the dashboard. Pressure sensors are usually located inside the tire or mounted on the valve stem. They measure the tire’s air pressure and communicate this information to a central control unit. The control unit processes the data from all sensors to check for any pressure drops.

When a tire’s pressure is low, the control unit triggers the warning light. This allows drivers to take action quickly, preventing potential tire damage or accidents. Each sensor has a specific threshold for low pressure, typically around 25% below the recommended inflation level.

In summary, the low tire pressure monitoring system relies on sensors to measure air pressure, a control unit to analyze the data, and visual alerts to inform the driver of any issues.

What Are the Key Components of a TPMS?

The key components of a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS) include sensors, the control module, and warning indicators.

Sensors (Direct and Indirect)
Control Module
Warning Indicators
Power Supply
Communication Interface

The components of TPMS play varied roles in vehicle safety and maintenance. Next, we will explore each part in detail to understand its specific functions and importance.

Sensors (Direct and Indirect):
Sensors are critical elements of a TPMS. Direct sensors measure the actual tire pressure and temperature using pressure transducers. Indirect sensors estimate pressure by monitoring wheel speed and comparing it to other wheels’ data. According to a study by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), direct sensors provide more accurate readings compared to indirect systems. For example, systems with direct sensors are often preferred in commercial vehicles for their reliability and precision.
Control Module:
The control module is the system’s brain. It receives data from the sensors and processes it to track tire pressure. When the module detects a pressure drop below a certain threshold, it activates the warning indicators. Research by the University of Michigan in 2021 indicates that an effective control module can significantly reduce tire-related accidents by alerting drivers promptly about tire issues.
Warning Indicators:
Warning indicators are visual signals on the vehicle’s dashboard. They alert the driver when tire pressure falls below acceptable levels. Typically, this indicator resembles a tire icon with an exclamation mark inside. The NHTSA recommends that drivers take immediate action upon receiving this warning to ensure road safety.
Power Supply:
The TPMS requires a stable power supply, commonly sourced from the vehicle’s battery. Direct sensors have their own batteries, while indirect systems typically rely on the vehicle’s electrical system. According to the International Organization of Motor Vehicle Manufacturers, the efficiency of the power supply directly impacts the longevity and accuracy of the TPMS functions.
Communication Interface:
The communication interface links the sensors and the control module to communicate data effectively. This component can include wired connections or wireless protocols like Bluetooth. A study conducted by SAE International explores the advancements in wireless technology, emphasizing how these developments enhance the effectiveness of TPMS in modern vehicles by providing timely data updates.

Understanding these components clarifies how a TPMS operates. Each part plays a vital role in vehicle safety, highlighting the importance of proper maintenance and functionality.

What Types of Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems Are There?

The types of Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are direct TPMS and indirect TPMS.

Direct TPMS
Indirect TPMS

To understand how these systems function, we will explore each type of TPMS in detail.

Direct TPMS: Direct TPMS actively monitors the tire pressure using sensors mounted inside each tire. These sensors measure the actual pressure and send data to the vehicle’s onboard computer. When the pressure drops below a certain threshold, the system triggers a warning light on the dashboard to alert the driver. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), direct TPMS can provide more accurate tire pressure readings, leading to improved safety and potentially increased fuel efficiency. For example, in 2017, a study by the Transportation Research Board indicated that vehicles equipped with direct TPMS had a 30% lower risk of tire-related crashes compared to those without.
Indirect TPMS: Indirect TPMS does not use sensors in the tires. Instead, it relies on the vehicle’s anti-lock brake system (ABS) to monitor wheel speeds. If a tire has lower pressure, it will rotate faster than the other tires. The system can detect this difference in speed and triggers a warning light when it identifies a significant discrepancy. While indirect TPMS is generally less expensive than direct TPMS, it may not provide as accurate a reading. Furthermore, its reliance on wheel speed can lead to false warnings in certain conditions, such as when the vehicle is heavily loaded or during acceleration. A study from 2018 highlighted that while indirect systems are useful, they may overlook gradual pressure loss that poses a safety risk.

What Is the Difference Between Direct and Indirect TPMS?

Direct and Indirect Tire Pressure Monitoring Systems (TPMS) are technologies designed to monitor tire pressure. Direct TPMS uses sensors in each tire to measure the air pressure and sends that information to a dashboard display. Indirect TPMS estimates tire pressure based on wheel speed data from the vehicle’s anti-lock braking system.

According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), “Direct TPMS measures tire pressure directly and warns the driver of low pressure,” while “Indirect TPMS uses the vehicle’s ABS to determine when a tire is under-inflated.” Both systems aim to enhance vehicle safety and ensure optimal performance.

Direct TPMS provides real-time pressure readings for each tire, allowing for precise monitoring. In contrast, Indirect TPMS can respond to pressure changes but relies on assumptions based on wheel rotation. Direct TPMS is more accurate, while Indirect TPMS is generally less expensive and easier to integrate into existing vehicle systems.

The European Commission emphasizes that tire under-inflation can lead to accidents and increased fuel consumption. External factors such as temperature fluctuations, wear and tear, and slow leaks can contribute to tire pressure changes.

The NHTSA reports that under-inflated tires can increase the risk of tire blowouts and reduce fuel efficiency by 3%. Proper tire maintenance can mitigate these risks, as proper inflation can improve fuel economy and extend tire life.

The impact of TPMS technology results in safer driving conditions and improved vehicle functionality. Using either system can protect public safety and reduce road incidents tied to tire-related failures.

The overall health of the environment can benefit from improved fuel efficiency, as vehicles produce fewer emissions when tires operate at optimal pressures. This contributes to national efforts in combating climate change.

For instance, a study by the Berkeley Research Group concluded that proper tire inflation reduces fuel consumption. This means a decrease in carbon emissions, benefiting air quality and environmental health.

To enhance TPMS effectiveness, the Tire Industry Association recommends regular tire inspections and proper maintenance practices. Training drivers to recognize warning signals from TPMS can minimize safety risks.

Strategies for maintaining optimal tire pressure include using direct monitoring tools, regular professional checks, and educating drivers on optimal tire care practices. Education on tire maintenance can also promote safer driving, lower fuel costs, and reduce environmental impact.

What Factors Can Trigger a Low Tire Pressure Warning?

Low tire pressure warnings can be triggered by several factors that affect the tire’s inflation level.

Key factors that can trigger a low tire pressure warning include the following:
1. Temperature changes
2. Tire damage
3. Air leaks
4. Under-inflation
5. Overloading the vehicle
6. Sensor malfunction

Temperature changes can significantly impact tire pressure. When the temperature drops, the air inside the tire contracts, leading to lower pressure. Conversely, warmer temperatures can increase tire pressure. Tire damage, such as punctures or sidewall tears, allows air to escape, triggering the warning. Air leaks may result from valve stem issues or bead leaks between the rim and tire. Under-inflation happens as the tires naturally lose air over time, necessitating regular checks to maintain optimal pressure. Overloading the vehicle beyond its recommended weight can also cause tires to be under-inflated. Lastly, sensor malfunctions can lead to false warnings, indicating low pressure even when the tires are adequately inflated.

Temperature Changes:
Temperature changes directly impact tire pressure due to the gas laws. As temperatures decrease or increase, the air inside the tire expands or contracts. Specifically, for every 10°F drop in temperature, tire pressure can decrease by approximately 1-2 PSI (pounds per square inch). This effect can lead to a significant pressure drop during winter seasons. A study by Bridgestone suggests that approximately 6% of motorists experience under-inflation during colder months. Therefore, frequent monitoring during seasonal transitions is essential.
Tire Damage:
Tire damage triggers low pressure warnings when structural integrity is compromised. Damage can stem from road hazards like nails, glass, or potholes. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, about 11% of tire-related crashes are linked to tire damage. A punctured tire may leak air slowly, causing the pressure to fall below recommended levels. Regular inspection for visible damage can help prevent such warnings.
Air Leaks:
Air leaks can occur from various sources, including valve stems and bead sealing issues. Valve stems can deteriorate over time, leading to slow air leaks. A study published by the Rubber Manufacturers Association indicates that approximately 17% of tire pressure loss is due to valve stem malfunctions. Detecting these leaks often requires a visual inspection or specialized equipment like soapy water to identify escaping air.
Under-Inflation:
Under-inflation describes tires failing to meet the recommended pressure levels. This might occur due to normal air loss over time, which averages about 1 PSI per month per tire. The U.S. Tire Manufacturers Association states that under-inflated tires can reduce fuel efficiency by 3% and increase tire wear. Maintaining proper pressure is crucial for safety and performance; thus, regular checks are recommended.
Overloading the Vehicle:
Overloading the vehicle can lead to under-inflation symptoms. When a vehicle exceeds its weight capacity, the tires have to compress more than usual, causing pressure drops. Tire pressure recommendations account for load; neglecting to consider this factor can stress the tires. According to Michelin, exceeding load limits can reduce tire lifespan and impair handling.
Sensor Malfunction:
Sensor malfunctions affect the Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), causing false low-pressure alerts. TPMS sensors rely on battery power and can fail due to age or corrosion. According to Tire Industry Association, TPMS-related failures can occur in 28% of vehicles due to battery depletion or physical damage. Regular maintenance and timely sensor replacement can mitigate these false alarms.

How Does Temperature Impact Tire Pressure Levels?

Temperature significantly impacts tire pressure levels. When the temperature rises, the air inside the tire expands. This expansion increases tire pressure. Conversely, when the temperature drops, the air contracts, leading to lower tire pressure.

The basic principle involved is the ideal gas law, which states that gas pressure increases with temperature if the volume is constant. In tires, as temperatures fluctuate, this rule applies.

For example, a tire’s pressure may increase by approximately 1 PSI (pound per square inch) for every 10-degree Fahrenheit increase in temperature. This means that hot weather can result in over-inflated tires, while cold weather can lead to under-inflated tires.

Maintaining proper tire pressure is essential for safety and efficiency. Under-inflated tires can cause poor handling and increased tire wear. Over-inflated tires can lead to reduced traction and increased risk of blowouts. Therefore, monitoring tire pressure as temperatures change is crucial for vehicle performance and safety.

In summary, temperature directly affects tire pressure due to the properties of air and the ideal gas law. Understanding this relationship helps drivers maintain optimal tire performance.

What Role Do Driving Conditions Play in Tire Pressure Monitoring?

Driving conditions significantly influence tire pressure monitoring systems (TPMS) by affecting tire performance and pressure variations. Variations in temperature, road surfaces, and load can alter tire pressure, making TPMS essential for vehicle safety.

Factors influencing tire pressure due to driving conditions:
– Temperature fluctuations
– Road surface conditions
– Load and weight distribution
– Altitude changes
– Driving speed and duration

The relationship between driving conditions and tire pressure monitoring involves multiple factors that affect how tires perform and maintain safe pressure levels.

Temperature Fluctuations:
Temperature fluctuations affect tire pressure due to the ideal gas law, which states that gas expands when heated and contracts when cooled. When external temperatures drop, tire pressure can decrease approximately 1-2 psi for every 10°F temperature drop. According to a study by the Tire Research and Design Center, extreme temperatures can lead to insufficient tire pressure, increasing the risk of blowouts.
Road Surface Conditions:
Road surface conditions, such as potholes or gravel roads, impact tire pressure as they can cause punctures or damage tires. Poor surfaces can lead to sudden air loss, prompting TPMS alerts. A 2018 report by the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration outlines that 12% of tire blowouts result from inadequate tire maintenance under harsh driving conditions.
Load and Weight Distribution:
Load and weight distribution affect how tires interact with the road. Excessive weight can compress tires, leading to overheating and pressure loss. The Rubber Manufacturers Association recommends adhering to vehicle load limits to maintain optimal tire pressure and performance.
Altitude Changes:
Altitude changes impact tire pressure due to decreased atmospheric pressure at higher elevations. A 2010 study by the Society of Automotive Engineers indicates that an increase in altitude can decrease tire pressure by 1 psi for every 1000 feet gained.
Driving Speed and Duration:
Driving speed and duration can elevate tire temperatures, leading to increased tire pressure. High speeds can exacerbate the effects of heat on tires. Research from the American Automobile Association shows that rapid deceleration or hard cornering can also contribute to tire pressure variations.

By understanding the connection between driving conditions and tire pressure monitoring, drivers can better manage their vehicle’s safety and performance, particularly in varying environmental factors.

What Maintenance Steps Should Be Taken for TPMS?

To maintain a Tire Pressure Monitoring System (TPMS), several key steps should be taken regularly. These steps help ensure the system functions correctly and contributes to vehicle safety and efficiency.

Regularly check tire pressure.
Inspect the TPMS sensors.
Monitor battery status of the sensors.
Reset the TPMS after tire changes or adjustments.
Address warning lights promptly.
Replace sensors when needed.

These maintenance steps encompass essential practices for optimal TPMS performance, yet they may vary based on vehicle make and model, as well as personal driving habits. Understanding the implications of neglecting these steps can also provide insight into potential consequences.

Regularly Check Tire Pressure:
Regularly checking tire pressure ensures safe driving. Incorrect tire pressure can lead to increased tire wear and potential blowouts. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA), under-inflated tires can reduce fuel efficiency by 0.2% for every 1 psi drop.
Inspect the TPMS Sensors:
Inspecting TPMS sensors ensures they are functioning correctly. These sensors monitor tire pressure and alert the driver of any issues. A 2022 study by the Tire Industry Association highlighted that approximately 20% of TPMS malfunctions stem from sensor damage.
Monitor Battery Status of the Sensors:
Monitoring the battery status of the TPMS sensors is crucial. Most sensors have replaceable batteries that last about five to ten years. Ignoring low battery alerts can lead to inoperative sensors, leaving drivers unaware of their tire conditions.
Reset the TPMS After Tire Changes or Adjustments:
Resetting the TPMS after tire changes or adjustments ensures accurate readings. Insufficient reset procedures can generate false alerts. The NHTSA advises that drivers consult their owner’s manual for specific reset instructions.
Address Warning Lights Promptly:
Addressing TPMS warning lights promptly is essential for vehicle safety. A warning light indicates significant tire pressure issues. According to a 2023 survey from the American Automobile Association (AAA), 68% of drivers ignore warning lights, potentially risking tire failure.
Replace Sensors When Needed:
Replacing sensors is necessary when they fail or become damaged. Replacement typically occurs every 5-7 years or when tire replacement takes place. The cost of sensor replacement can be offset by improved safety and performance, as noted by Car and Driver (2021).

Following these maintenance steps ensures that the TPMS operates optimally, contributing to enhanced vehicle safety and longevity.

How Can You Manually Check Your Tire Pressure?

You can manually check your tire pressure using a tire pressure gauge to ensure your tires are inflated to the recommended levels, which promotes safety, fuel efficiency, and tire longevity.

To perform a manual tire pressure check, follow these steps:

Obtain a tire pressure gauge: This tool measures the air pressure in your tires. There are two common types: digital gauges that provide a readout on a screen and manual gauges that use a dial.
Check the recommended pressure: Locate the vehicle’s recommended tire pressure. This information is usually found on a sticker inside the driver’s side door or in the owner’s manual. Typical pressure levels range from 30 to 35 psi (pounds per square inch), but this can vary by vehicle and tire type.
Prepare the vehicle: Make sure your vehicle is parked on a flat, level surface. Tires should be cold for accurate readings, so wait at least three hours after driving or take measurements in the morning.
Remove the valve cap: Unscrew the cap on the tire valve stem. Keep the cap in a safe spot to avoid losing it.
Use the tire pressure gauge: Firmly press the gauge onto the valve stem to get a reading. Make sure you create a tight seal to avoid escaping air.
Read the measurement: For a digital gauge, the pressure will display immediately. For a manual gauge, the dial will indicate the pressure. Note the reading.
Compare to recommended levels: Assess whether the tire pressure is too low, too high, or just right. If the reading is lower than the recommended psi, you will need to add air. If it’s too high, you can release some air.
Inflate or deflate as needed: Use an air compressor to inflate the tire or press the valve stem to release air.
Recheck the pressure: After any adjustment, use the gauge again to ensure the correct pressure is achieved.
Replace the valve cap: After completing your checks, do not forget to screw the valve cap back on to keep dirt and moisture out.

Regularly checking tire pressure is crucial. According to the U.S. Department of Transportation, properly inflated tires can enhance fuel efficiency by up to 3.3%, lead to 15% longer tire life, and reduce the risk of tire blowouts. Regular checks, ideally once a month, can aid in maintaining optimal performance and safety on the road.

What Should You Do When the Low Tire Pressure Light Activates?

When the low tire pressure light activates, you should check and inflate your tires to the recommended pressure.

Check tire pressure with a gauge.
Inflate tires to the recommended pressure.
Inspect tires for visible damage or leaks.
Reset the tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) if applicable.
Drive and monitor the light for reactivation.

After addressing these immediate actions, it’s essential to understand the factors that contribute to low tire pressure and how to manage them effectively.

Checking Tire Pressure: Checking tire pressure involves using a tire pressure gauge to determine if your tire pressure is below the manufacturer’s recommended level. A functioning tire pressure monitoring system (TPMS) can help in this task. The recommended tire pressure is usually found on a sticker inside the driver’s door or in the owner’s manual. According to the National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, maintaining the correct tire pressure enhances fuel efficiency and extends tire life.
Inflating Tires: Inflating tires means adding air until the pressure meets the specified levels. Use a reliable air compressor for this task. Be cautious not to overinflate, as this can cause tire blowouts. The Tire Industry Association emphasizes that proper inflation can improve vehicle handling and reduce wear.
Inspecting Tires: Inspecting tires includes checking for visible damage, such as punctures, sidewall bubbles, or wear indicators. Any issues should be addressed promptly. The Rubber Manufacturers Association points out that regular inspections can prevent dangerous blowouts and enhance safety on the roads.
Resetting TPMS: Resetting the tire pressure monitoring system is necessary after inflating tires. Refer to your vehicle’s manual for specific instructions, as the process may vary by model. Resetting ensures that the system accurately reflects the new tire pressures and can prevent false warnings in the future.
Monitoring Light Reactivation: Monitoring the light for reactivation is crucial after performing the above steps. A persistent light can indicate another issue, such as a slow leak. If the light reactivates, further investigation is warranted. Continuous monitoring helps ensure your safety and can lead to early repairs if required. If problems persist, a visit to a tire technician or mechanic is recommended for comprehensive diagnostics.

By following these steps, you can effectively respond to the activation of the low tire pressure light and maintain your vehicle’s safety on the road.

What Are the Immediate Steps to Address Low Tire Pressure?

To address low tire pressure immediately, the following steps should be taken:

Check the tire pressure with a reliable gauge.
Inflate tires to the recommended pressure.
Inspect for visible damage or punctures.
Examine the valve stems for leaks.
Consider using a tire sealant in case of minor punctures.

These points highlight essential actions to rectify low tire pressure situations. Now, let’s delve deeper into each of these actions.

Check the Tire Pressure: Checking the tire pressure involves using a tire pressure gauge. This tool measures the air pressure inside the tire compared to the recommended level, which can usually be found on the driver’s side door jamb or in the vehicle’s manual. The ideal pressure is typically between 30 to 35 psi (pounds per square inch) for many passenger vehicles. Regular checks help identify problems early.
Inflate Tires to the Recommended Pressure: Inflating tires to their recommended level is crucial for safety and efficiency. Properly inflated tires ensure better fuel efficiency and extend tire life. If the pressure is low, drivers can inflate the tires using a gas station air compressor or a portable air compressor. The U.S. Department of Energy states that maintaining proper tire pressure can improve gas mileage by about 3.3%.
Inspect for Visible Damage or Punctures: Inspecting tires for visible damage is vital. Look for cuts, cracks, or bulges. A punctured tire can cause rapid air loss and should be repaired or replaced. The National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) emphasizes the importance of addressing any visible damage promptly to avoid accidents.
Examine the Valve Stems for Leaks: Valve stems can also be a source of air loss. Checking for leaks involves applying soapy water to the valve stem and looking for bubbles. If bubbles appear, the valve may be defective and require replacement. This simple check can save drivers from unexpected tire pressure issues.
Consider Using a Tire Sealant: Using tire sealant is a temporary solution for small punctures. Sealants work by coating the inside of the tire and sealing minor leaks. However, they are not a permanent fix and should be followed by a proper tire repair or replacement. Expert opinions vary, with some stating that sealants can sometimes cause more damage, so understanding the specific product and type of damage is important.

By following these steps, drivers can effectively manage low tire pressure and maintain vehicle safety.

When Should You Consult a Professional for Low Tire Pressure Issues?

You should consult a professional for low tire pressure issues when you notice a warning light on your dashboard. This light indicates that your tire pressure is below the recommended levels. Additionally, if you feel a significant difference in handling while driving, seek professional help. This could suggest an unsafe tire condition.

Next, if you check your tire pressure and find it consistently low after reinflating, it’s time to consult an expert. A persistent low pressure often points to a slow leak, damaged tire, or faulty valve stem. If you hear a hissing noise or notice a bulge in the tire sidewall, see a professional immediately. These symptoms can indicate severe tire damage.

Finally, if you have to inflate your tires frequently, it may be time to consult a specialist. Regular low pressure can lead to reduced fuel efficiency and increased tire wear. Professionals can diagnose and address any underlying issues effectively. In summary, consult a professional if you see a warning light, feel odd handling, discover persistent low pressure after inflation, hear hissing noises, or frequently refill your tires.

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What Controls the Low Tire Pressure System? A Complete Guide to TPMS Functionality